What are organotin compounds used for?
What are organotin compounds used for?
Organotin Compounds They are organometallic compounds that are used in the preparation of polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastics. They have also been widely used as fungicides and pesticides on crops, as slimicides in industrial water systems, as wood preservatives, and as marine antifouling agents.
What is meant by organotin compound?
Organotin compounds, or stannanes, are chemical compounds based on tin element bonded to carbon. These compounds are classified by the number of organic functional groups bond to tin i.e. tetra-, tri-, di- and mono-organotin compounds.
How are the compounds of tin prepared?
On the industrial scale, organotin compounds are usually prepared by alkylation of SnCl4 with organo-magnesium or -aluminum compounds. Grignard reagents, RMgX, are prepared from the metal and an alkyl or aryl halide and need large volumes of solvent and are expensive.
What is dibutyltin used for?
The primary use of Dibutyltin Oxide (DBTO) is in cathodically applied electrodeposition coatings in the automotive industry and for the manufacture of PVC stabilizers.
How do you make organotin?
Organotin compounds can be synthesised by numerous methods. Classic is the reaction of a Grignard reagent with tin halides for example tin tetrachloride. An example is provided by the synthesis of tetraethyltin: 4 EtMgBr + SnCl4 → Et4Sn + 4 MgClBr.
What is TBT chemical?
Tributyltin (TBT) is a toxic chemical used for various industrial purposes such as slime control in paper mills, disinfection of circulating industrial cooling waters, antifouling agents, and the preservation of wood.
What is Dbtl catalyst?
It is an active transesterification catalyst for methacrylate esters that are used in the water treatment market. DBTO catalyst is used in select high temperature transesterification reactions for the production of coating resins and can be used in the coatings industry for the preparation of alkyd resins.
What are organometallic compounds give two examples?
Examples of organometallic compounds include Gilman reagents, which contain lithium and copper, and Grignard reagents, which contain magnesium. Tetracarbonyl nickel and ferrocene are examples of organometallic compounds containing transition metals.
How are organotin compounds used in organic synthesis?
Organotin compounds have continued to be used extensively in organic synthesis (see Volumes 9 and 11 ), particularly in reactions involving radical chain reactions, to the degree that complaints are made of the “tyranny of tin.”
How to prepare an organotin compound for calibration?
Organotin standard solutions, 1000 µg/mL (as Sn), prepared from pure organotin compounds in 0.1% (v/v) acetic acid in acetonitrile. 12. Calibration stock solution, 10 µg/mL (as Sn). Prepare a standard mixture of the organotin compounds of interest.
How many references are there to organotin chemistry?
Organotin chemistry continues to be a very active field, and there are more than 6,500 references in the past 10 years which refer to organotin compounds.
Which is the most toxic of the organotin compounds?
Most organotin compounds are toxic and the toxicity varies over a wide range depending on the types and nature of the substituents. Maximum toxicity occurs with methyl and ethyl derivatives, but decreases as the alkyl groups on tin become larger, such as butyl or phenyl.
What are organotin compounds used for? Organotin Compounds They are organometallic compounds that are used in the preparation of polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastics. They have also been widely used as fungicides and pesticides on crops, as slimicides in industrial water systems, as wood preservatives, and as marine antifouling agents. What is meant by organotin compound? Organotin…